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How to remember 1000 words effectively
尤克强 2008/3
自己发明「背」的方法:
nation = na + tion
nature = na + ture
combine = comb + ine
「背」起来好吃力,而且背过就忘了.
「近似音」加强记忆:
seesaw可记成「洗手」,因为玩过了「跷跷板」之后要洗手,而seesaw的发音近似「洗手」.
缺点
1. 近似的发音不正确,如果「反宾为主」就麻烦了.(例如有人把London念成「伦敦」);
2. 每个单字都要找个「谐音」来记住,是否太麻烦
英语简史:
英语和荷兰语,挪威语,德语,丹麦语等一样,都是日耳曼语系(Germanic)的一支.在公元五世纪中,不列颠岛被低德语(Plattdeutsch)民族的盎格鲁(Angles)和撒克逊人(Saxton)所占领,因此产生了最早的英语.日耳曼语系和拉丁语系,希腊语系,梵语,波斯语,斯拉夫语等都是印欧语系(Indo-European)的分支,拉丁语系又衍生出今天的法语,西班牙语,葡萄牙语,罗马尼亚语,和义大利语等.
因为1066年时英国的皇家出了继承问题,欧陆上诺曼第地方的大公爵威廉(William, Duke of Normandy)以亲属身分渡海争位,统治英国后,宫廷和政府用的是从拉丁语演变而成的法语,但是民间仍然使用英语.由於英文缺乏政权和文学传统来维持,因此加速了简化和混合,终於使拉丁语和法语的影响超过了日耳曼语.尤其是文艺复兴时期,英语从拉丁语和希腊语,法语等吸收了更多的新词.这些新词的产生遵循一定的规律,也就是英文的构词法.
因此英语的来源虽然混杂,但其结构方法却很科学:一个字的字根也许来自日耳曼语,字首却可能来字希腊文,再接上拉丁字尾.尽管在字典中,不适用的字逐渐淘汰,但是一批更符合逻辑的新字也不断地被创造出来,今日的英语可以说是一个仍然充满活力和创新的语言.
构词法(word-formation):
增加字汇能力不是件苦差事,而且能成为乐趣
Venus venom venereal win venerable
an venerable automobile
会猜到生字的涵义(八,九不离十)
aphrodisiac hermaphrodite
越长的单字愈好记
rhinoceros Monoceros
otorhinolaryngologist
能创造出别人能了解的英文新字
Hakkamania linguiphobia
escalator elevator alleviate de-escalate
esthetics esthesia
anesthetic anesthetize
local anesthesia general anesthesia
mnemonics amnesia Mnemosyne
anthropology philanthropist photophilous
Japanophile philogynist philander
misogynist misandry
misoneism misanthrope
anthropophagous
zoophagous phytophagous polyphagous phyllophagous
carnivorous herbivorous omnivorous
insectivorous
sophisticated philosophy sophistry
sophomore
photophobia Japanophobia ideaphobia
acrophobia acropolis
acrobat (bat=walk) basophobia abasia
a political acrobat
utopian topic topology
sincere cerecloth sinecure
Sans Souci Palace
(s N sūsē') [Fr.,=without care], palace built (1745–47) at Potsdam, Germany
negative negotiate otiose
ultimate peninsula penult antepenult
October November December
octopus novena decimal
insomnia ambulance somnambulate
perambulate circumambulate
companion pantry panada pan
symposium poison potion potable pot
animal animation unanimous
equanimity magnanimous reanimate
lavender lavatory W.C. toilet
deluge dilute laundry lavish
eulogy euphoria euphemism Thanatos euthanasia Euphrates eugenic
catalog catastrophe strophanthus anthomaniac anthophagous anthology
center compete centripetal repeat
center fugitive centrifugal subterfuge
compute repute reputation disreputable disputable impute
candid candle candescent chandelier candidate
case casket casino Casablanca
aerodrome hippodrome hippopotamus
Mesopotamia territory Mediterranean
mediate immediate intermediate
Melanesia Polynesia Micronesia Indonesia
melancholy melancholia melancholic
choler cholera cholesterol (steros=solid)
melanoid steroid (sterol固醇)
melanin (=melanophore) melatonin
melanochroi (ocher=pale yellow赭)
melanoma (oma=tumor瘤)
melanocarcinoma (=melanoblastoma癌)
melanoid melanic (=melanotic)
melanosis melano
melanocyte melanoderm melaniferous
melanism melanite melanize
oral anorexia (orexis=appetite)
Pluto plutocracy democracy epidemic
episode method metaphysics
physiognomy gnomon agnostic asynchronous chronic acute acupuncture punctuation punctilious
supercilious
Roma Amor Cupid Eros erotic
amorous amateur Amadius adieu deify atheist enthusiastic pantheist pantheon pandemic panacea
atom anatomy
analyze paralyze paranoia(noia=mind) parasite(site=food)
parasol(para=prepare) parachute
parapluie umbrella adumbrate penumbra umbrage
英文单字的构造:
字根:就是单字最基本的部份
字首:加在字根之前的修饰用语
字尾:加在字根之后的修饰用语
每个英文单字一定有字根,但不一定有字首和字尾:
act air do
有的字只有字首加字根:
Unable = un- + able(能干的)
React = re- + act
有的字只有字根加字尾:
Action = act + -ion
Mindful = mind + -ful
有的字是字首,字尾都有:
Abnormal =
ab-(=away) + norm(模范) + -al
字首可以多於一个:
Reconstruct =
re- + con-(=together) + struct(=build)
字尾也可以多於一个:
Nationalism =
nat(=birth) + -ion + -al + -ism
字根 + 字尾 的力量:
Nation = nat (= birth) + -ion
nat-al 诞生的
natal-ity 出生
nat-ion 国家
nation-al 国家的
national-ism 国家主义
national-ist 国家主义者
nationalist-ic 国家主义者的
national-ity 国籍
national-ize 国家化
national-ization 收归国有
national-ly 举国地
nation-hood 国家状态
nat-ive 本地的
nativ(e)-ism 本土保护主义
nativ(e)-ity 诞生
nat-ure 自然
natur(e)-al 自然的
natural-ism 自然主义
natural-ist 自然主义者
natural-ist-ic 顺从自然的
natural-ize 归化
natural-ly 必然地
natur(e)-ist 天体主义者
加字首:international, supernatural, innate, prenatal, postnatal...
(至少100个字以上)
字首+ 字根 的力量:
Educate = e- (= out) + duc (= lead) + -ate
ab-duct 诱拐
aque-duct 导水管
con-duct 处理
con-duct-ive 传导性的
mis-con-duct 处理不当
super-conduct-ivity 超导性
de-duce 推论
e-duce 取出
in-duce 促使
intro-duce 介绍
pro-duce 生产
re-pro-duce 复制
pro-duct 产品
re-duce 降低
se-duce 勾引
venti-duct 通风管
via-duct 高架桥
加字尾:education, conductor, seductive...
(至少100个字以上)
声音的感觉:
FL感—FL音如水流声,以fl开头的字,隐含「轻快地流动」
float(漂流),flood(洪水),flow(流),fluent(流畅),fluid(流体); flare(闪耀),flash(闪光),fleet(急驰),flick(抽拂),flip(轻弹); flap(拍动),flit(掠过),flight(飞行),flutter(抖动),fly(飞)等.
J感—J音如吱笑声,以je,jo,ju开头的字,隐含「欢乐和笑趣」
jeer(嘲谑),jest(玩笑),jesting(闹趣); jocose(诙谐),jocular(滑稽),jocund(欢乐),jolly(怡人的),josh(揶揄),joyful(高兴); jubilant(喜洋洋),jubilate(欢欣),jubilee(佳节)等.
GR感—GR音如压挤声,以gr开头的字,隐含「紧憋或紧张」
groan(呻吟),grouse(牢骚),grumble(抱怨),grunt(咕噜),growl(咆啸);grab(急抓),grapple(抓牢),grasp(紧握),grip(抓紧); grisly(狰狞),grudge(怨恨),gruesome(可怕),gruff(粗率),grumpy(暴躁)等.
WH感—WH音如抽气声,以wh开头的字,隐含「空气的抽动」
whack(重击),whiff(喷),whiffle(轻吹),whip(鞭打),whirl(回旋),whisk(拂扫),whistle(口哨),whorl(盘旋); wheeze(喘息),whimper(呜咽),whine(哀呜),whir(呼呼声),whiz(飕飕声)等.
ST感—ST音很轻,以st开头的字,隐含「静止不动」
stay(停留),stand(站立),still(静止的),stop(停止),stable(稳定的),steady(稳固的),station(站),stationary(无变化的),stagnate(沉滞)stagnant(停滞的),statue (雕像),staunch(坚定的),stanch(止血)等.
ASH感—ASH音如撞击声,以ash结尾的字,隐含「快而猛的力道」
lash(鞭笞),rash(鲁莽的),bash(重击),dash(猛击),smash(粉碎),slash(猛砍),crash(坠落),clash(猛撞),mash(捣碎),hash(切碎),splash(飞溅-扑通扑通),plash(泼溅-哗啦哗啦),flash(闪烁)等.
Etymology
adonize cicerone stentorian hector
minister ambassador manager
例一:curfew = cur + feu
法语couvre(→cur)是cover的意思,feu(→few)是fire,curfew就是＂cover fire″(熄火),顺理成章地就衍生成今天的「宵禁」了.
例二:malaria = mal- + ar + ia
mal(=bad,如maltreat＂虐待″)
ar(=air＂空气″)
ia(=illness,表＂疾病″之字尾)
亦即「坏空气引起的病」.后来医生用这个字代表「疟疾」,但是malaria仍然有「瘴气」的本义.
例三:seesaw = see + saw
saw是「锯」或「锯子」的意思,see是「看」.＂See Saw…″原先是锯木工人(sawyer)工作时呼声的开头语(＂看锯呀…!″),因此seesaw的本义是「拉锯」.由於拉锯的「一来一回」就像跷跷板的「一上一下」,所以又衍生出「跷跷板」的新义.但是莫忘seesaw仍然有「拉锯」(如seesaw game意为＂拉锯战″)的本义.
How to remember 1000 words effectively
从8个字首开始:
ab,abs = away
ad,a,ab,ac,af,al,an,ap,as,at = to; at
de = down,off
dis = apart
ob,oc,of,op = toward
re = back
se = apart
un = not; reverse
从31个字根开始:
1. fall cad, cid, cas, cis (21)
2. take cap, cip, cept, ceive, cup (45)
3. go ced, ceed, cess (24)
4. cut cide, cis (22)
5. close clud, clus, claus, clos (25)
6. run cur, curs, cours (25)
7. say dict (22)
8. lead duc, duct (30)
9. do fac, fic, fect, fact, fict (62)
fy (46)
10. carry fer (23)
lat (14)
11. end fin (23)
12. birth gen, gn (52)
13. step grad, gress (29)
14. throw ject, fac (25)
15. choose leg, lig, lect (27)
16. hand man, manu (20)
17. send mit, miss (30)
18. move mov, mot, mob (22)
19. hang pend, pens (27)
20. fold plic, plex, ply (26)
21. put pon, pos (35)
22. bear port (20)
23. right reg, rect (21)
24. write scrib, script (23)
25. stand sta, stat, stit (52)
26. hold ten, tin, tain (32)
27. stretch tend, tens, tent (32)
28. draw tract (22)
29. worth val (20)
30. turn vert, vers (40)
31. see vid, vis (27)
Try and have fun:
1. fall cad, cid, cas, cis
re- + cid + -ivist
2. take cap, cip, cept, ceive, cup
cap + -ivate
3. go ced, ceed, cess
pre- + ced + -ent
4. cut cide, cis
homi- + cide
5. close clud, clus, claus, clos
dis- + clos + -ure
6. run cur, curs, cours
dis- + curs + -ive
7. say dict
dict + -ator
8. lead duc, duct
se- + duct + -ive
9. do fac, fic, fect, fact, fict
in- + fect + -ious
fy
glori + -fy
10. carry fer
inter- + fere
lat
e- + lat + -ed
11. end fin
in- + fin + ity
12. birth gen, gn
con- + gen + -ial
13. step grad, gress
in- + gred + -ient
14. throw ject, fac
inter- + ject + -ion
15. choose leg, lig, lect
il- + leg + -ible
16. study logy
theo- + logy
17. hand man, manu
e- + man + cip + -ate
18. send mit, miss
sub- + miss + -ive
19. single mono
mon + -archy
20. move mov, mot, mob
pro- + mot + -ion
21. hang pend, pens
pro- + pens + -ity
22. fold plic, plex, ply
ex- + plic + -it
23. put pon, pos
pro- + pos + -al
24. bear port
de- + port + -ee
25. right reg, rect
e- + rect + -ion
26. write scrib, script
pre- + scribe
27. stand sta, stat, stit
pro- + stit + -ute
28. same sym, syl, syn, sys
sym- + metr + -ical
29. hold ten, tin, tain
sus- + tain + -able
30. stretch tend, tens, tent
pre- + tent + -ious
31. draw tract
ex- + tract + -or
32. worth val
pre- + val + -ent
33. turn vert, vers
in- + ad- + vert + -ent + -ly
34. see vid, vis
videogenic
KEY to FUN
1. structure
2. sound
3. use
Veni Vidi Vici
常用字首:
a,an=not,to ab,abs=away ad,a,ab,ac,af,al,an,ap,as,at=to;at ambi=both ana=up ante=before anti=against auto=self be=do bene=good cata=complete cent=hundred circum=around co,com,con=together contra=against de=down,off dec,deka=ten dia=across dis=apart duo,di,twi=two dys=bad en=make ento=inside epi=upon equi=equal eu=good ex,ec,e=out fore=ahead hetero=different holo=complete homo=same hyper=above hypo=below in,il,im,ir=inside;not infra=below inter,intel=between intra,intro=within iso=same macro=big mal=bad medi=middle mega=giant meta=change micro=small mis=wrongly mono=one multi,poly=many ne,non=not neo=new nona,ennea=nine ob,oc,of,op=toward oct=eight omni=all orth=straight pan=all para=beside per=through peri=around post=after pre,pri=before prin=first pro=forward quad,tetra=four quint,penta=five re=back retro=back se=apart semi,demi,hemi=half sept,hepta=seven sext,hexa=six solo=alone sub,suc,suf,sug,sum,sup,sur,sus=under super,sur=over supra=above syn,sym=same tele=far trans,tra=across tri,ter=three un=not;reverse uni=one ultra=beyond
常用字尾:
人或动作者名词
-ain -aire -an -and -ant -ar -ary -ate -ee -eer -end -ent -er -ese -ess -eur -ian -ician -ier -ist -ite -ive -man -on -or -sman -ster
抽象名词
-ace -ad -ade -age -al -ance -ancy -ence -ence -ency -ery -cy -dom -hood -ia -ic -ice -ics -ing -ion -ise -ism -itude -ity -ment -mony -ness -o(u)r -ry -ship -th -ure -y
表示＂小″的名词
-cle -cule -el -en -et -ette -ie -in -kin -le -let -ling -y
其他名词
-ary -arium -ful logy -mer -oid -orium -ory
形容词
-able -al -an -ant -ar -ary -ate -ative -ean -ed -en -ent -ern -esque -fold -ful -ian -ible -ic -ical -id -ile -ine -ing -ior -ique -ish -ite -ive -less -like -ly -most -oid -ory -ous -proof -some -ward -y
动词
-ate -en -er -esce -fy -ise -ish -ize -le -ute -yze -yse
副词
-fold -ly -ward -wards -way -ways -wise
End (1)
尤克强 2008/3
自己发明「背」的方法:
nation = na + tion
nature = na + ture
combine = comb + ine
「背」起来好吃力,而且背过就忘了.
「近似音」加强记忆:
seesaw可记成「洗手」,因为玩过了「跷跷板」之后要洗手,而seesaw的发音近似「洗手」.
缺点
1. 近似的发音不正确,如果「反宾为主」就麻烦了.(例如有人把London念成「伦敦」);
2. 每个单字都要找个「谐音」来记住,是否太麻烦
英语简史:
英语和荷兰语,挪威语,德语,丹麦语等一样,都是日耳曼语系(Germanic)的一支.在公元五世纪中,不列颠岛被低德语(Plattdeutsch)民族的盎格鲁(Angles)和撒克逊人(Saxton)所占领,因此产生了最早的英语.日耳曼语系和拉丁语系,希腊语系,梵语,波斯语,斯拉夫语等都是印欧语系(Indo-European)的分支,拉丁语系又衍生出今天的法语,西班牙语,葡萄牙语,罗马尼亚语,和义大利语等.
因为1066年时英国的皇家出了继承问题,欧陆上诺曼第地方的大公爵威廉(William, Duke of Normandy)以亲属身分渡海争位,统治英国后,宫廷和政府用的是从拉丁语演变而成的法语,但是民间仍然使用英语.由於英文缺乏政权和文学传统来维持,因此加速了简化和混合,终於使拉丁语和法语的影响超过了日耳曼语.尤其是文艺复兴时期,英语从拉丁语和希腊语,法语等吸收了更多的新词.这些新词的产生遵循一定的规律,也就是英文的构词法.
因此英语的来源虽然混杂,但其结构方法却很科学:一个字的字根也许来自日耳曼语,字首却可能来字希腊文,再接上拉丁字尾.尽管在字典中,不适用的字逐渐淘汰,但是一批更符合逻辑的新字也不断地被创造出来,今日的英语可以说是一个仍然充满活力和创新的语言.
构词法(word-formation):
增加字汇能力不是件苦差事,而且能成为乐趣
Venus venom venereal win venerable
an venerable automobile
会猜到生字的涵义(八,九不离十)
aphrodisiac hermaphrodite
越长的单字愈好记
rhinoceros Monoceros
otorhinolaryngologist
能创造出别人能了解的英文新字
Hakkamania linguiphobia
escalator elevator alleviate de-escalate
esthetics esthesia
anesthetic anesthetize
local anesthesia general anesthesia
mnemonics amnesia Mnemosyne
anthropology philanthropist photophilous
Japanophile philogynist philander
misogynist misandry
misoneism misanthrope
anthropophagous
zoophagous phytophagous polyphagous phyllophagous
carnivorous herbivorous omnivorous
insectivorous
sophisticated philosophy sophistry
sophomore
photophobia Japanophobia ideaphobia
acrophobia acropolis
acrobat (bat=walk) basophobia abasia
a political acrobat
utopian topic topology
sincere cerecloth sinecure
Sans Souci Palace
(s N sūsē') [Fr.,=without care], palace built (1745–47) at Potsdam, Germany
negative negotiate otiose
ultimate peninsula penult antepenult
October November December
octopus novena decimal
insomnia ambulance somnambulate
perambulate circumambulate
companion pantry panada pan
symposium poison potion potable pot
animal animation unanimous
equanimity magnanimous reanimate
lavender lavatory W.C. toilet
deluge dilute laundry lavish
eulogy euphoria euphemism Thanatos euthanasia Euphrates eugenic
catalog catastrophe strophanthus anthomaniac anthophagous anthology
center compete centripetal repeat
center fugitive centrifugal subterfuge
compute repute reputation disreputable disputable impute
candid candle candescent chandelier candidate
case casket casino Casablanca
aerodrome hippodrome hippopotamus
Mesopotamia territory Mediterranean
mediate immediate intermediate
Melanesia Polynesia Micronesia Indonesia
melancholy melancholia melancholic
choler cholera cholesterol (steros=solid)
melanoid steroid (sterol固醇)
melanin (=melanophore) melatonin
melanochroi (ocher=pale yellow赭)
melanoma (oma=tumor瘤)
melanocarcinoma (=melanoblastoma癌)
melanoid melanic (=melanotic)
melanosis melano
melanocyte melanoderm melaniferous
melanism melanite melanize
oral anorexia (orexis=appetite)
Pluto plutocracy democracy epidemic
episode method metaphysics
physiognomy gnomon agnostic asynchronous chronic acute acupuncture punctuation punctilious
supercilious
Roma Amor Cupid Eros erotic
amorous amateur Amadius adieu deify atheist enthusiastic pantheist pantheon pandemic panacea
atom anatomy
analyze paralyze paranoia(noia=mind) parasite(site=food)
parasol(para=prepare) parachute
parapluie umbrella adumbrate penumbra umbrage
英文单字的构造:
字根:就是单字最基本的部份
字首:加在字根之前的修饰用语
字尾:加在字根之后的修饰用语
每个英文单字一定有字根,但不一定有字首和字尾:
act air do
有的字只有字首加字根:
Unable = un- + able(能干的)
React = re- + act
有的字只有字根加字尾:
Action = act + -ion
Mindful = mind + -ful
有的字是字首,字尾都有:
Abnormal =
ab-(=away) + norm(模范) + -al
字首可以多於一个:
Reconstruct =
re- + con-(=together) + struct(=build)
字尾也可以多於一个:
Nationalism =
nat(=birth) + -ion + -al + -ism
字根 + 字尾 的力量:
Nation = nat (= birth) + -ion
nat-al 诞生的
natal-ity 出生
nat-ion 国家
nation-al 国家的
national-ism 国家主义
national-ist 国家主义者
nationalist-ic 国家主义者的
national-ity 国籍
national-ize 国家化
national-ization 收归国有
national-ly 举国地
nation-hood 国家状态
nat-ive 本地的
nativ(e)-ism 本土保护主义
nativ(e)-ity 诞生
nat-ure 自然
natur(e)-al 自然的
natural-ism 自然主义
natural-ist 自然主义者
natural-ist-ic 顺从自然的
natural-ize 归化
natural-ly 必然地
natur(e)-ist 天体主义者
加字首:international, supernatural, innate, prenatal, postnatal...
(至少100个字以上)
字首+ 字根 的力量:
Educate = e- (= out) + duc (= lead) + -ate
ab-duct 诱拐
aque-duct 导水管
con-duct 处理
con-duct-ive 传导性的
mis-con-duct 处理不当
super-conduct-ivity 超导性
de-duce 推论
e-duce 取出
in-duce 促使
intro-duce 介绍
pro-duce 生产
re-pro-duce 复制
pro-duct 产品
re-duce 降低
se-duce 勾引
venti-duct 通风管
via-duct 高架桥
加字尾:education, conductor, seductive...
(至少100个字以上)
声音的感觉:
FL感—FL音如水流声,以fl开头的字,隐含「轻快地流动」
float(漂流),flood(洪水),flow(流),fluent(流畅),fluid(流体); flare(闪耀),flash(闪光),fleet(急驰),flick(抽拂),flip(轻弹); flap(拍动),flit(掠过),flight(飞行),flutter(抖动),fly(飞)等.
J感—J音如吱笑声,以je,jo,ju开头的字,隐含「欢乐和笑趣」
jeer(嘲谑),jest(玩笑),jesting(闹趣); jocose(诙谐),jocular(滑稽),jocund(欢乐),jolly(怡人的),josh(揶揄),joyful(高兴); jubilant(喜洋洋),jubilate(欢欣),jubilee(佳节)等.
GR感—GR音如压挤声,以gr开头的字,隐含「紧憋或紧张」
groan(呻吟),grouse(牢骚),grumble(抱怨),grunt(咕噜),growl(咆啸);grab(急抓),grapple(抓牢),grasp(紧握),grip(抓紧); grisly(狰狞),grudge(怨恨),gruesome(可怕),gruff(粗率),grumpy(暴躁)等.
WH感—WH音如抽气声,以wh开头的字,隐含「空气的抽动」
whack(重击),whiff(喷),whiffle(轻吹),whip(鞭打),whirl(回旋),whisk(拂扫),whistle(口哨),whorl(盘旋); wheeze(喘息),whimper(呜咽),whine(哀呜),whir(呼呼声),whiz(飕飕声)等.
ST感—ST音很轻,以st开头的字,隐含「静止不动」
stay(停留),stand(站立),still(静止的),stop(停止),stable(稳定的),steady(稳固的),station(站),stationary(无变化的),stagnate(沉滞)stagnant(停滞的),statue (雕像),staunch(坚定的),stanch(止血)等.
ASH感—ASH音如撞击声,以ash结尾的字,隐含「快而猛的力道」
lash(鞭笞),rash(鲁莽的),bash(重击),dash(猛击),smash(粉碎),slash(猛砍),crash(坠落),clash(猛撞),mash(捣碎),hash(切碎),splash(飞溅-扑通扑通),plash(泼溅-哗啦哗啦),flash(闪烁)等.
Etymology
adonize cicerone stentorian hector
minister ambassador manager
例一:curfew = cur + feu
法语couvre(→cur)是cover的意思,feu(→few)是fire,curfew就是＂cover fire″(熄火),顺理成章地就衍生成今天的「宵禁」了.
例二:malaria = mal- + ar + ia
mal(=bad,如maltreat＂虐待″)
ar(=air＂空气″)
ia(=illness,表＂疾病″之字尾)
亦即「坏空气引起的病」.后来医生用这个字代表「疟疾」,但是malaria仍然有「瘴气」的本义.
例三:seesaw = see + saw
saw是「锯」或「锯子」的意思,see是「看」.＂See Saw…″原先是锯木工人(sawyer)工作时呼声的开头语(＂看锯呀…!″),因此seesaw的本义是「拉锯」.由於拉锯的「一来一回」就像跷跷板的「一上一下」,所以又衍生出「跷跷板」的新义.但是莫忘seesaw仍然有「拉锯」(如seesaw game意为＂拉锯战″)的本义.
How to remember 1000 words effectively
从8个字首开始:
ab,abs = away
ad,a,ab,ac,af,al,an,ap,as,at = to; at
de = down,off
dis = apart
ob,oc,of,op = toward
re = back
se = apart
un = not; reverse
从31个字根开始:
1. fall cad, cid, cas, cis (21)
2. take cap, cip, cept, ceive, cup (45)
3. go ced, ceed, cess (24)
4. cut cide, cis (22)
5. close clud, clus, claus, clos (25)
6. run cur, curs, cours (25)
7. say dict (22)
8. lead duc, duct (30)
9. do fac, fic, fect, fact, fict (62)
fy (46)
10. carry fer (23)
lat (14)
11. end fin (23)
12. birth gen, gn (52)
13. step grad, gress (29)
14. throw ject, fac (25)
15. choose leg, lig, lect (27)
16. hand man, manu (20)
17. send mit, miss (30)
18. move mov, mot, mob (22)
19. hang pend, pens (27)
20. fold plic, plex, ply (26)
21. put pon, pos (35)
22. bear port (20)
23. right reg, rect (21)
24. write scrib, script (23)
25. stand sta, stat, stit (52)
26. hold ten, tin, tain (32)
27. stretch tend, tens, tent (32)
28. draw tract (22)
29. worth val (20)
30. turn vert, vers (40)
31. see vid, vis (27)
Try and have fun:
1. fall cad, cid, cas, cis
re- + cid + -ivist
2. take cap, cip, cept, ceive, cup
cap + -ivate
3. go ced, ceed, cess
pre- + ced + -ent
4. cut cide, cis
homi- + cide
5. close clud, clus, claus, clos
dis- + clos + -ure
6. run cur, curs, cours
dis- + curs + -ive
7. say dict
dict + -ator
8. lead duc, duct
se- + duct + -ive
9. do fac, fic, fect, fact, fict
in- + fect + -ious
fy
glori + -fy
10. carry fer
inter- + fere
lat
e- + lat + -ed
11. end fin
in- + fin + ity
12. birth gen, gn
con- + gen + -ial
13. step grad, gress
in- + gred + -ient
14. throw ject, fac
inter- + ject + -ion
15. choose leg, lig, lect
il- + leg + -ible
16. study logy
theo- + logy
17. hand man, manu
e- + man + cip + -ate
18. send mit, miss
sub- + miss + -ive
19. single mono
mon + -archy
20. move mov, mot, mob
pro- + mot + -ion
21. hang pend, pens
pro- + pens + -ity
22. fold plic, plex, ply
ex- + plic + -it
23. put pon, pos
pro- + pos + -al
24. bear port
de- + port + -ee
25. right reg, rect
e- + rect + -ion
26. write scrib, script
pre- + scribe
27. stand sta, stat, stit
pro- + stit + -ute
28. same sym, syl, syn, sys
sym- + metr + -ical
29. hold ten, tin, tain
sus- + tain + -able
30. stretch tend, tens, tent
pre- + tent + -ious
31. draw tract
ex- + tract + -or
32. worth val
pre- + val + -ent
33. turn vert, vers
in- + ad- + vert + -ent + -ly
34. see vid, vis
videogenic
KEY to FUN
1. structure
2. sound
3. use
Veni Vidi Vici
常用字首:
a,an=not,to ab,abs=away ad,a,ab,ac,af,al,an,ap,as,at=to;at ambi=both ana=up ante=before anti=against auto=self be=do bene=good cata=complete cent=hundred circum=around co,com,con=together contra=against de=down,off dec,deka=ten dia=across dis=apart duo,di,twi=two dys=bad en=make ento=inside epi=upon equi=equal eu=good ex,ec,e=out fore=ahead hetero=different holo=complete homo=same hyper=above hypo=below in,il,im,ir=inside;not infra=below inter,intel=between intra,intro=within iso=same macro=big mal=bad medi=middle mega=giant meta=change micro=small mis=wrongly mono=one multi,poly=many ne,non=not neo=new nona,ennea=nine ob,oc,of,op=toward oct=eight omni=all orth=straight pan=all para=beside per=through peri=around post=after pre,pri=before prin=first pro=forward quad,tetra=four quint,penta=five re=back retro=back se=apart semi,demi,hemi=half sept,hepta=seven sext,hexa=six solo=alone sub,suc,suf,sug,sum,sup,sur,sus=under super,sur=over supra=above syn,sym=same tele=far trans,tra=across tri,ter=three un=not;reverse uni=one ultra=beyond
常用字尾:
人或动作者名词
-ain -aire -an -and -ant -ar -ary -ate -ee -eer -end -ent -er -ese -ess -eur -ian -ician -ier -ist -ite -ive -man -on -or -sman -ster
抽象名词
-ace -ad -ade -age -al -ance -ancy -ence -ence -ency -ery -cy -dom -hood -ia -ic -ice -ics -ing -ion -ise -ism -itude -ity -ment -mony -ness -o(u)r -ry -ship -th -ure -y
表示＂小″的名词
-cle -cule -el -en -et -ette -ie -in -kin -le -let -ling -y
其他名词
-ary -arium -ful logy -mer -oid -orium -ory
形容词
-able -al -an -ant -ar -ary -ate -ative -ean -ed -en -ent -ern -esque -fold -ful -ian -ible -ic -ical -id -ile -ine -ing -ior -ique -ish -ite -ive -less -like -ly -most -oid -ory -ous -proof -some -ward -y
动词
-ate -en -er -esce -fy -ise -ish -ize -le -ute -yze -yse
副词
-fold -ly -ward -wards -way -ways -wise
End (1)
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